Gliflozins constitute an important class of compounds useful as sodium glucose co-transporter (SGLT2) inhibitors to treat type-II diabetes. They act by blocking sodium-glucose transport protein 2 which is responsible for re-absorption of glucose in the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) of kidney and thus its inhibition reduces blood glucose level. There are a number of gliflozins which have been approved by drug regulatory bodies like FDA, EMA and PMDA whereas some others are in pipeline in their late developmental phases. The present review article offers a detailed account of synthetic strategies employed for the synthesis, alternate synthetic routes along with Structure Activity Relationship (SAR) studies of well-established as well as newly developed SGLT2 inhibitors.
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; SGLT2 inhibitors; Structure activity relationship; Urinary glucose excretion.
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